ADDED: chars_base64/3 for efficient bidirectional Base64 conversion.

Cargo.toml

@@ -46,3 +46,4 @@ native-tls = "0.2.4"
 chrono = "0.4.11"
 select = "0.4.3"
 roxmltree = "0.11.0"
+base64 = "0.12.3"

README.md

@@ -387,9 +387,10 @@ The modules that ship with Scryer Prolog are also called
   file, reading lazily only as much as is needed. Due to the compact
   internal string representation, also extremely large files can be
   efficiently processed with Scryer Prolog in this way.
-* [`charsio`](src/lib/charsio.pl) Various predicates that are
-  useful for parsing and reasoning about characters, notably
-  `char_type/2` to classify characters according to their type.
+* [`charsio`](src/lib/charsio.pl) Various predicates that are useful
+  for parsing and reasoning about characters, notably `char_type/2` to
+  classify characters according to their type, and conversion
+  predicates for different encodings of strings.
 * [`error`](src/lib/error.pl)
   `must_be/2` and `can_be/2` complement the type checks provided by
   [`library(si)`](src/lib/si.pl), and are especially useful for

src/clause_types.rs

@@ -314,6 +314,7 @@ pub enum SystemClauseType {
     GetEnv,
     SetEnv,
     UnsetEnv,
+    CharsBase64,
 }
 
 impl SystemClauseType {
@@ -526,6 +527,7 @@ impl SystemClauseType {
             &SystemClauseType::GetEnv => clause_name!("$getenv"),
             &SystemClauseType::SetEnv => clause_name!("$setenv"),
             &SystemClauseType::UnsetEnv => clause_name!("$unsetenv"),
+            &SystemClauseType::CharsBase64 => clause_name!("$chars_base64"),
         }
     }
 
@@ -718,6 +720,7 @@ impl SystemClauseType {
             ("$getenv", 2) => Some(SystemClauseType::GetEnv),
             ("$setenv", 2) => Some(SystemClauseType::SetEnv),
             ("$unsetenv", 1) => Some(SystemClauseType::UnsetEnv),
+            ("$chars_base64", 4) => Some(SystemClauseType::CharsBase64),
             _ => None,
         }
     }

src/lib/charsio.pl

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
                     get_single_char/1,
                     read_line_to_chars/3,
                     read_term_from_chars/2,
-                    write_term_to_chars/3]).
+                    write_term_to_chars/3,
+                    chars_base64/3]).
 
 :- use_module(library(dcgs)).
 :- use_module(library(iso_ext)).
@@ -194,3 +195,42 @@ read_line_to_chars(Stream, Cs0, Cs) :-
             ;   read_line_to_chars(Stream, Rest, Cs)
             )
         ).
+
+/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+   Relation between a list of characters Cs and its Base64 encoding Bs,
+   also a list of characters.
+
+   Options are:
+
+      - padding(Boolean)
+        Whether to use padding: true (the default) or false.
+      - charset(C)
+        Either 'standard' (RFC 4648 §4, the default) or 'url' (RFC 4648 §5).
+
+   Example:
+
+      ?- chars_base64("hello", Bs, []).
+         Bs = "aGVsbG8="
+      ;  false.
+- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
+
+chars_base64(Cs, Bs, Options) :-
+        must_be(list, Options),
+        (   member(O, Options), var(O) ->
+            instantiation_error(chars_base64/3)
+        ;   (   member(padding(Padding), Options) -> true
+            ;   Padding = true
+            ),
+            (   member(charset(Charset), Options) -> true
+            ;   Charset = standard
+            )
+        ),
+        must_be(boolean, Padding),
+        (   var(Cs) ->
+            must_be(list, Bs),
+            maplist(must_be(character), Bs),
+            '$chars_base64'(Cs, Bs, Padding, Charset)
+        ;   must_be(list, Cs),
+            maplist(must_be(character), Cs),
+            '$chars_base64'(Cs, Bs, Padding, Charset)
+        ).

src/machine/system_calls.rs

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ use crate::native_tls::TlsConnector;
 
 extern crate select;
 use roxmltree;
+use base64;
 
 pub fn get_key() -> KeyEvent {
     let key;
@@ -5745,6 +5746,68 @@ impl MachineState {
                 let key = self.heap_pstr_iter(self[temp_v!(1)]).to_string();
                 env::remove_var(key);
             }
+            &SystemClauseType::CharsBase64 => {
+                let mut options = vec![];
+
+                for i in 3..5 {
+                    match self.store(self.deref(self[temp_v!(i)])) {
+                        Addr::Con(h) if self.heap.atom_at(h) => {
+                            if let HeapCellValue::Atom(ref atom, _) = &self.heap[h] {
+                                options.push(atom.as_str());
+                            } else {
+                                unreachable!()
+                            }
+                        }
+                        _ => {
+                            unreachable!()
+                        }
+                    };
+                }
+
+                let config =
+                    if options[0] == "true" {
+                        if options[1] == "standard" {
+                            base64::STANDARD
+                        } else {
+                            base64::URL_SAFE
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if options[1] == "standard" {
+                            base64::STANDARD_NO_PAD
+                        } else {
+                            base64::URL_SAFE_NO_PAD
+                        }
+                    };
+
+                if self.store(self.deref(self[temp_v!(1)])).is_ref() {
+                    let b64 = self.heap_pstr_iter(self[temp_v!(2)]).to_string();
+                    let bytes = base64::decode_config(b64, config);
+
+                    match bytes {
+                        Ok(bs) => {
+                            let mut string = String::new();
+                            for c in bs {
+                                string.push(c as char);
+                            }
+                            let cstr = self.heap.put_complete_string(&string);
+                            self.unify(self[temp_v!(1)], cstr);
+                        }
+                        _ => {
+                            self.fail = true;
+                            return Ok(());
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    let mut bytes = vec![];
+                    for c in self.heap_pstr_iter(self[temp_v!(1)]).to_string().chars() {
+                        bytes.push(c as u8);
+                    }
+                    let b64 = base64::encode_config(bytes, config);
+
+                    let cstr = self.heap.put_complete_string(&b64);
+                    self.unify(self[temp_v!(2)], cstr);
+                }
+            }
         };
 
         return_from_clause!(self.last_call, self)